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Nucleophilicity of Amines

…a publication. Nucleophilic Reactivities of Primary and Secondary Amines in Acetonitrile Tanja Kanzian, Tobias A. Nigst, Andreas Maier, Stefan Pichl, Herbert Mayr J. Org. Chem. 2009, 36, 6379-6385 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900925…

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Why are halogens ortho- para- directors?

Why are halogens ortho-, para- directors? All activating groups are also ortho-, para- directors. Halogens (F, Cl, Br, I) are notable in that they are deactivating ortho-, para- directors. Why?…

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Understanding Ortho, Para, and Meta Directors

Ortho-, Para– and Meta– Directors In Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution (EAS), some substituents on benzene will direct the electrophile E to the ortho– (1,2)and para– (1,4) positions. These are called, “ortho,…

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Claisen Condensation of esters

…1940, 20, 6 DOI Link:10.15227/orgsyn.020.0006 Click to Flip Org. Synth. 1940, 20, 32 DOI Link: 10.15227/orgsyn.020.0032 Click to Flip Org. Synth. 1943, 23, 35 DOI Link: 10.15227/orgsyn.023.0035 Click to Flip…

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