…in computational Physical Organic chemistry. This is a computational study of aromatic sulfonation that attempts to clarify the mechanism. Computational modeling shows that a trimolecular reaction with 2 SO3 molecules…
Description: Thioacetals can be desulfurized to give alkanes through the use of Raney nickel (“Ra-Ni”) The rest of this page is available to MOC Members only. To get access to…
…with a situation where multiple variables come into play? Here’s a common exam question that tests your ability to think through these factors. Table of Contents Why Is m-Nitroaniline More…
Description: Thionyl chloride converts carboxylic acids into acid chlorides. The reaction liberates HCl and SO2 gas. The rest of this page is available to MOC Members only. To get access…
…compares how well a substituent stabilizes a carbocation relative to hydrogen. That’s not the right comparison here. Just like the old joke goes, it’s not about outrunning the bear –…
…withdrawing group (CF3) at C1, and this completely changes the ballgame. As we’ve said, carbocations are destabilized by neighbors which withdraw electron-density. Therefore we would expect this to be a…
Description: Addition of the bulky reducing agent lithium tri-t-butoxy aluminum hydride [LiAlH(O-tBu)3] to acid chlorides results in the formation of aldehydes. The rest of this page is available to MOC…
…that the product distribution should be 40% ortho. 40% meta, and 20% para. So is that what happens? No! Two important examples are illustrative. 6. EAS On Monosubstituted Benzenes: The…
Description: Addition of zinc amalgam, Zn(Hg) and acid to a ketone results in an alkane. This is called the Clemmensen reduction. The rest of this page is available to MOC…