Halogenation Of Ketones via Enols
…bromine like N-bromosuccinimide (NBS). Various acids can be used (e.g. HBr, acetic acid (AcOH). Examples: Notes: Example 1 shows formation of a new C-Br bond using HBr and Br2. Example…
Read moreMaster Organic Chemistry Reaction Guide
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Amine Protection and Deprotection
…Examples 2 and 3 show CBz protection. Example 4 shows a Boc deprotection of the amine under acidic conditions which leaves the CBz protected amine unaffected. Example 5 shows removal…
Read moreIntroduction to Rearrangement Reactions
…resulting in breakage and formation of a C-H or C-C bond, and formation of a new carbocation. The new carbocation (generally more stable) then undergoes a second reaction to give…
Read moreElectrocyclic Reactions
…first example is a 4pi electrocyclic ring closure under photochemical conditions. The second example is a 4pi electrocyclic ring opening. The third example is a 4 pi electrocyclic ring opening….
Read moreThe Most Important Question To Ask When Learning a New Reaction
…to “what happens” is a prerequisite to being able to answer “how it happens”, or “why it happens”. And it’s a completely learnable skill. It’s a skill that someone could…
Read more1,2 and 1,4- Addition To Dienes
…The first example gives two disubstituted alkenes, which should be about equal in stability. The second example has a 1,2-product with a trisubstituted alkene and a 1,4-product with a tetrasubstituted…
Read moreBasic Hydrolysis of Esters – Saponification
…intramolecular version. It involves no new concepts, but it looks weird, and for this reason intramolecular reactions make for good exam problems. In this case a cyclic ester, called a…
Read moreOrganic Chemistry Study Tips: Learn the Trends
…more or less random examples I pulled off the top of my head: These are further examples of concepts, or relationships between properties. If you look at practice exam problems,…
Read moreCope Elimination
…an elimination product in a concerted reaction. Notes: Many other oxidants can be used (e.g. m-CPBA). The amine has to be tertiary, otherwise undesired side-reactions will occur. Examples: Notes: Example…
Read morePartial Charges Give Clues About Electron Flow
…formal charge) Common Mistakes: Formal Charges Can Mislead A Key Skill: How to Calculate Formal Charge Nucleophiles and Electrophiles The Most Important Question To Ask When Learning a New Reaction…
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