Addition of HCl to Alkenes to Give Alkyl Chlorides
Description: Treatment of alkenes with hydrochloric acid (HCl) will result in the formation of alkyl chlorides. The chlorine always ends up at the more substituted carbon of the alkene, since protonation of the alkene will result in the more stable carbocation.
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For the second example, why is a wedge and dash drawn whereas in the third one it isn’t?
The second example is a mixture of enantiomers.
In the third example, the product on the left is achiral so there is no need to draw dash or wedge. The product on the right could be drawn as two enantiomers but instead to save space I omitted drawing the dashes and wedges and just said, “1:1 mixture of enantiomers”.
Why isn’t a hydride shift occurring between carbon 3 and 4 to allow the Cl to attack the tertiary carbon?
Great point. Need to fix this. Thank you
Hi James, I was wondering how you can tell if and when a reaction is regio-selective requires application of the Markovnikoff Rule (ie. if reaction will form a markovnikoff or anti-markovnikoff product). Does the regio-chemistry of a reaction also get affected by what reagents are used too?
I’m preparing for my ORG-2 Exam #2 on Conjugated Compounds & Dienes Reactions, Aromatic Compounds & Benzene Aromaticity, & E.A.S. reactions, but find my self needing to refer back to ORG-1 reactions in regards and how the reagents are used in reactions and how they are supposed to react similarly to the reactions covered in ORG-1. Can you recommend an efficient and effective approach please?
Thank you in advance for your time and efforts. This entire website has been not my one and only supplement resource to my organic chemistry courses! I have referred everyone I know who is learning, teaching and/or curious about chemistry to your Master Organic Chemistry website! I just got my first A on a ORG-CHEM Exam because of help from this site. Thanks for all the great help, summaries and guides!